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Understanding PTSD

Everyone responds differently to traumatic experiences. Feelings of fear, sadness, anger and grief are natural human responses to events which are sudden, unexpected and for which you feel little control over.

 

Sometimes feelings of fear and anguish can stay with you for a long time and you need help to get through it. If you get support early, it can prevent your normal stress reactions from developing into PTSD. So seek help early if possible. It’s also important to know that there are effective treatments for PTSD and that recovery is possible.​​

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What is PTSD?

 

A disorder that can develop following a traumatic event that threatens your safety or makes you feel helpless. 

Triggered by any overwhelming life experience,  especially if perceived as unpredictable & uncontrollable

A normal response to an abnormal situation

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Impacts of PTSD ​

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Can affect the way you see yourself/others/the world

May cause you to view  the world as a dangerous/frightening  or to see people as “not to be trusted”

May lead to feelings of fear/helplessness/powerlessness/anger/shame/guilt/hopelessness

Takes time to recover from. This is different for everyone

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  • ​Post Traumatic Stress DisorderSymptoms

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  • Re-Experiencing the Traumatic Event

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  • Intrusive, upsetting memories of the event 

  • Flashbacks (acting or feeling like the event is happening again) 

  • Nightmares (either of the event or of other frightening things) 

  • Feelings of intense distress when reminded of the trauma 

  • Intense physical reactions to reminders of the event (e.g. pounding heart, rapid breathing, nausea, muscle tension, sweating)

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  • Avoidance and Emotional Numbing

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  • Avoiding activities, places, thoughts, or feelings that remind you of the trauma 

  • Inability to remember important aspects of the trauma 

  • Loss of interest in activities and life in general 

  • Feeling detached from others and emotionally numb 

  • Sense of a limited future (you don’t expect to live a normal life span, get married, have a career)

 

  • Increased Arousal

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  • Difficulty falling or staying asleep 

  • Irritability or outbursts of anger 

  • Difficulty concentrating 

  • Hypervigilance (on constant “red alert”) 

  • Feeling jumpy and easily startled

 

  • Other Common Symptoms 

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  • Anger and irritability 

  • Guilt, shame, or self-blame 

  • Substance abuse 

  • Depression and hopelessness 

  • Suicidal thoughts and feelings 

  • Feeling alienated and alone 

  • Feelings of mistrust and betrayal 

  • Headaches, stomach problems, chest pain

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  • Emotional Symptoms​​

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  • Shock, denial, or disbelief 

  • Anger, irritability, mood swings 

  • Guilt, shame, self-blame 

  • Feeling sad or hopeless

  • Confusion, difficulty concentrating 

  • Anxiety and fear

  • Withdrawing from others 

  • Feeling disconnected or numb

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  • Physical Symptoms

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  • Insomnia or nightmares 

  • Being startled easily

  • Racing heartbeat 

  • Aches and pains

  • Fatigue

  • Difficulty concentrating

  • Edginess and agitation

  • Muscle tension

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Things You can Do

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Learn more about PTSD 

Identify your triggers

Join a support group

Practice daily relaxation techniques

Do positive activities

Daily routine to create predictability

Get quality sleep/sleep routine

Daily physical activity

Eat a balanced diet

Limit your exposure to negative media

Get counselling

 

Tips for Managing a PTSD Episode

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Deep  breathing; count your breaths

Remind yourself the actual traumatic event is over

Return your attention to the present

Grounding skills (what can you see, hear, smell)

Splash water on your face

Progressive muscle relaxation

Physical exercise 

Seek comfort (hug a pet)

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